Everything is made of the same substance, whether it be inside--as in dreams--or outside as in waking.

Everything is made of the same substance, whether it be inside~as in  the dreams~or outside as in  the waking. Whatever is seen as an object, heard as sound or name is of the same substance. Many have   begun to suspect this truth. This is the great lesson to be learnt. Consciousness is all this."  

Reason should not be interpreted to mean intellect. Reason is that which finally distinguishes between  the real and  the unreal,  the false and  the true, and therefore it takes all the three states into account. 

Until that is attained people generally use only intellect which is confined to waking experience only. Intellect evolves into Reason as man realizes that study of the waking world is not enough, and that study of all the phenomena of the  mind,  the consciousness is required. Such study must embrace the  dream and  the  deep sleep; hence there is no perfection of reason without analyzing the three states of the soul,which is present in the form of the consciousness.  

Reason literally means 'that which distinguishes the ultimate reality from the rest.' When such discrimination between truth and falsehood by the method of  the reasoning is confined to the physical plane, it is intellect and logic, but when extended to the spiritual plane it is a reason.  

Spiritualistic reason is not based on ego,  but the formless soul, which is the innermost self. Soul-centric Reason is that which enables one to distinguish the real from the unreal, the  true from false. The intellectuals do not clearly know the difference between intellect and reason. 

Knowledge derived from wisdom or Gnana is content less existence, whereas intellectuality is the ordinary dualistic knowledge. Intellectuals have no idea of the first definition of it as yet because they are not aware of the existence of the formless witness of the three states. And they refuse to accept anything other than their accepted truth which are based on the false self (ego or the waking entity) within the false experience (waking experience).  "Intellectuality” is a nothing to do with the  Brahma Gnana or or Advaitic  wisdom. Intellectuality is useful   in practical life within the practical world. And its judgment is based on the  logical conclusions based on the ego which is not the self.    

Many intellectuals have a tremendous intellect; most will agree with their theories based on the ego, which is false self within the false experience. It does mean possesses Self –knowledge or Brahma Gnana or Atma  Gnana? And knowledge based on the false self within the false experience is limited to false experience (waking).  Therefore it is certainly not self-knowledge.  

Gnana is usually translated as "knowledge" but that is because there is no equivalent word in English. It is more accurately "contentless consciousness" or “self-awareness”. 

Most think Consciousness usually implies something, thoughts or things, but it is the formless non-dual nature of the Atman or the soul.   

The consciousness exists with or without the matter because without the consciousness the matter ceases to exist.  one has to realize the fact that  the matter is created out of  the consciousness.  . It exists as a matter within  the waking or  the dream.   And when  the wisdom dawns it is consciously aware of its formless non-dual true nature in the midst of matter, as in deep sleep.

So long as the soul is  in the realm of  the duality, one has to explain how or why one thing came from another; and contradictory views are expressed. But when a Gnani shows there is no second, there is no production, and the contradictions do not arise at all, when the ultimate thing is consciousness alone. Thus , the consciousness(spirit)  is ultimate truth or Brahman.

The dualist’ arguments are based on false self (ego or waking entity) and the false experience (mind or waking or dream or universe)    to show the weakness of the position of dualistic view point.  They at their wits end to explain.

Existence cannot be  the  cause and effect at the same time, from the point of view of the dualists, but deeper self-search shows the Existence is no-two and causality can’t rise at all. Dualistic theory says that,  whatever was in the case was also in the effect. They say that the gold brick, the gold medal, the gold ornaments ~are in the seed~ the gold. Deeper self-search reveals the fact that, if cause and effect are one what is the difference between the two?